補語和表語的區別

時間：2017-04-07 11:59:39 肖陽1034由分享

補語和表語的區別

　　在英語中，有很多語法知識。今天我們著重講下補語和表語的區別是什么?下面就跟著學習啦小編一起來看看吧。

　　補語和表語有什么區別

　　表語很好找，只要有系動詞，跟在系動詞后的就是表語，表示主語的特征，狀態，身份，類屬。主語、系詞和表語構成“主系表”結構，其中系詞和表語合起來構成謂語。充當表語的有名詞，代詞，數詞，動名詞，動詞不定式，形容詞，副詞，現在分詞，過去分詞，介詞短語或從句。

　　例：He is a teacher.(teacher名)

　　It is hers.(物主代詞hers)

　　Who is she?(人稱代詞Who)

　　Two times three is six.(基數詞six)

　　He was the first to get there.(序數詞 the first )

　　She is very kind.(形容詞very kind)

　　My father is out.(副詞out)

　　His job is to teach.(不定式to teach)

　　Talking is not doing.(動名詞doing)

　　His speech is surprising.(現在分詞surprising)

　　I am surprised at his speech .(過去分詞surprised)

　　Japan is in the east of Asia.(介詞短語in the east of Asia)

　　That is what I want to say.(從句what I want to say)

　　常見的系動詞有：

　　(表示身份，狀態的)be,(表示變化的)become,get,turn,grow,stay,

　　(表示感覺的)smell,taste,feel,sound,seem,look,appear

　　補語分為賓語補足語和主語補足語，用以補足主語或賓語的狀態、動作、位置等?？梢宰餮a語的有：名詞，不定式，現在分詞，過去分詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語。

　　常見的可以帶賓補的動詞及句型有

　　call sb/sth sth.

　　allow/ask/order/tell/teach sb to do sth

　　see/hear/make/have/watch sb do/doing sth

　　keep sb doing sth.

　　keep sth.+形容詞

　　find sb./sth. doing/介詞短語

　　例：We call her Lucy.(名詞 Lucy )

　　I allow him to have a look.(不定式 to have a look)

　　He kept me waiting half a day.(現在分詞短語waiting half a day) I saw him wounded.(過去分詞wounded)

　　It drove her mad.(形容詞 mad)

　　Let's show him out.(副詞out)

　　They found the boy in the well.(介詞短語in the well)

　　在被動語態句子中，原主動語態中的賓語變成了主語，相應原來的賓補也就變成了主補。例如：

　　主動句：They found the boy in the well.(in the well為賓補) 被動句：The boy was found in the well.(in the well為主補)
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