如何判斷填空題的基本邏輯關(guān)系

　　GRE填空題中常會(huì)出現(xiàn)長難句的情況，這個(gè)時(shí)候想要填對(duì)最關(guān)鍵的就是根據(jù)一些特殊詞匯判斷語言上的邏輯關(guān)系，從而理順句子結(jié)構(gòu)。很多時(shí)候，填空題的答案就在句子中，關(guān)鍵是要根據(jù)線索把它找出來。

　　1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞匯來判斷語言上的基本邏輯關(guān)系

　　因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)轉(zhuǎn)折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)遞進(jìn)、(even, indeed………)對(duì)比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。

　　2.尋找句子中的重復(fù)關(guān)系

　　作為研究生院入學(xué)的參考考試，也許是為了體現(xiàn)內(nèi)容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各個(gè)學(xué)科的背景知識(shí)。同時(shí)基于對(duì)所有學(xué)科學(xué)生都要公平的原則，所有的題目在 解題點(diǎn)上都不涉及背景知識(shí)。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，很多時(shí)候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用語言上的線索提示你去把它找出來。以下是提供重復(fù)線索的幾種常見 形式：

　　(1) 簡單的直接重復(fù)

　　The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

　　A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration

　　盡管大自然的美確實(shí)很重要，但污染的消除不僅是什么問題，當(dāng)然不僅是美的問題。

　　Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

　　A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt

　　搖滾樂手很少自嘲，盡管什么東西能促進(jìn)錄像短片的銷售，當(dāng)然就填自嘲。

　　Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.

　　A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity

　　E. devoid.. neutrality

　　Melodramas這個(gè)詞不認(rèn)識(shí)也沒關(guān)系，既然它表現(xiàn)的是無辜與罪行、道德與墮落、善與惡之間的刻板對(duì)立，那么它提供給觀眾什么樣的世界呢?當(dāng)然是刻板對(duì)立的世界，只有E選項(xiàng)符合要求。

　　(2) 解釋型重復(fù)

　　The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.

　　A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate

　　冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容就是正確選項(xiàng)D這個(gè)詞的釋義，所以不知道繆斯是什么東西也能輕松選對(duì)。

　　Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.

　　A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness

　　冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容解釋了民主方式運(yùn)作的工作團(tuán)體中為何少有嚴(yán)重的沖突，所以即使看不懂a(chǎn) modicum of

　　tolerance for dissent是什么東西，也應(yīng)該知道這個(gè)東西避免了嚴(yán)重沖突，故選B。

　　(3) 根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)推斷重復(fù)：

　　The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.

　　A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation

　　D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity

　　a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位語，所以第一空格填form的同義或近義詞，that permits very little___. 這個(gè)從句完成后應(yīng)為strict的同義或近義詞。

　　Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very

　　recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.

　　A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable

　　這道題同樣，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同義重復(fù)，所以空格應(yīng)填入文獻(xiàn)學(xué)家關(guān)注的事實(shí)，已知的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)里顯然只有B選項(xiàng)的statistical(統(tǒng)計(jì)的)是文獻(xiàn)學(xué)家的份內(nèi)工作。

　　(4) 憑借具有指示作用的形容詞或代詞來尋找重復(fù)

　　Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.

　　A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined

　　D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted

　　下半句的such a coincidence說明第一空格的動(dòng)詞填入后應(yīng)體現(xiàn)為是一種巧合，兩個(gè)看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一樣的東西(非相關(guān)專業(yè)的絕大部分學(xué)生是不太可能認(rèn) 識(shí)mitochondria和chloroplasts這兩個(gè)詞的)怎樣了一個(gè)長的、可以認(rèn)為是一模一樣的DNA序列就是一個(gè)巧合呢?當(dāng)然只有D的 share表示了這個(gè)意思。

　　Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.

　　A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable

　　D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable

　　Which指代逗號(hào)前面的那句話，也就是“法律不保障社會(huì)秩序”，這就使得法律怎樣呢?當(dāng)然只有D選項(xiàng)的ineffective符合句意。