since從句的用法(2)

　　4. 在it is+時間+since從句結構中，since從句是非延續性動詞的一般過去時，含有肯定意味。

　　例如：

　　It is three years since her husband left her.

　　她丈夫離開她已經3年了。

　　It is over sixty years since the People’s Republic of China was established.

　　中華人民共和國已經成立60多年了。

　　5. 在it is+時間+since從句結構中，since從句是延續性動詞的一般過去時，含有否定的意味。

　　例如：

　　It is three years since she stayed here.

　　她離開這里已經3年了。

　　How long is it since you were a league member?

　　你退團有多久了?

　　6. 在it is+時間+since從句結構中，since從句是現在完成時或過去完成時，均含有否定意味。

　　例如：

　　It is five years since we have seen her.

　　我們已經5年沒有見她了。

　　It was years since I had seen her.

　　在那之前，我已經有好久沒有見到她了。

　　It’s been a long time since I’ve seen you.

　　我已經很久沒有見到你了。

　　另外，①根據英語慣用法，since從句不可以否定形式出現。

　　例如：

　　It is four years since I have smoked a cigarette. 我已經4年不抽煙了。

　　不可說：It is four years since I haven’t smoked a cigarette.

　　但由于下句中的since不作“自從”解，所以從句可以用否定形式。

　　例如：

　　I haven’t been out anywhere since I don’t know how long.

　　也不知多久了，我哪兒也沒去過。

　　②Since從句通常不與非延續性動詞的現在完成時的肯定式連用。

　　例如：

　　Her mother died when she was a child.

　　她小時候母親就去世了。

　　不可說：Her mother has died since she was a child.

　　③Since前不可加表示時間的詞語，但可以與ago連用。

　　例如：

　　She has lived with us since her mother died three years ago.

　　自從她母親3年前去世，她就一直和我們住在一起。

　　不可說：She has lived with us three years since her mother died.

　　④在It was five years ago since his father died. 一句中的since用錯了，因為在含有ago的時間范疇里，已經有了從過去的一個時間點以來的時間，即已有了since的時間范疇，所以再用since是多余的。

　　改為：

　　It was five years ago that his father died.

　　他父親5年前去世了。

　　It is five years since his father died.

　　他父親去世已經5年了。