近五年高考英語聽力場景詞匯
高考考試的對話內容場景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校園、生活、工作、各種社交場所。了解一些場景下的常用語和常見表達對解題是很有幫助的。對這些常用詞匯和短語不僅要知道其本身的意思，還要知道它們的同義表達方式。這是因為現在聽力試題一般不會在選項中出現對話中的原詞和詞組。以下場景是對話當中所占比例最大的，掌握了這些場景下的常用短語和表達方式，也就從詞匯和短語方面抓住了解題的關鍵。
(1)餐館場景：
restaurant餐館; cafeteria 自助餐廳;
buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂，餐廳;
coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;
snack bar 小吃街、大排擋
【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃飯】
waiter/waitress 男/女服務生;
order 點菜 ;serve 上菜 ;
menu 菜單;bill 賬單
【pay the bill 付賬】
tip 小費;change 零錢
【Keep the change! 不用找零錢了! 】
treat 請客
【This is my treat!、 It’s on me!我請客! 】
【go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty. AA制】
【Help yourself. 請隨便吃】
knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;
spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盤;
appetizer 開胃菜;dessert甜品，水果;
soup 湯 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;
sandwich 三明治;hamburger 漢堡包;
French fries 炸薯條;pizza 披薩;
bacon 培根 ; chicken雞肉;
beef牛肉;pork豬肉
drink 喝，飲料;wine 紅酒;
coke 可口可樂;
coffee咖啡;dressing 調味醬;
pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄醬;
delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的
(2)郵局場景：
stamp郵票;envelope 信封;
package / parcel 包裹;
parcel form包裹單;zip code郵編;
weight重量;overweight 超重;
postage郵費;extra postage 額外郵資;insurance保險;
send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /發信;
delivery投遞，傳送;claim領取;
express mail 快件;EMS特快專遞;
airmail 航空信件; surface mail 平郵;
ordinary letter平信;
registered letter掛號信。
(3)圖書館場景：
library card借書證;
borrow借入;lend借出;
keep持有，保管，存放;renew續借;return歸還;
overdue 借書逾期;pay a fine 交罰款;
librarian 圖書管理員;bookshelf書架;
novel小說;science fiction科幻小說;
magazine雜志; periodical期刊;reference book參考書;
(4)校園場景：
tuition學費; scholarship獎學金;
term/semester 學期;seminar研討班;
presentation 課堂發言;
assignment/homework作業;register 注冊;
be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考試;
review/ go over復習; fail/pass不及格/通過;
cut a class逃課; graduate畢業; stationery文具;
essay論文;paper試卷;
attend a lecture 聽講座 textbook 課本;
classroom 教師;laboratory實驗室;
mark/grade 成績;course 課程;
subject 學科;playground 操場
(5)醫院及健康場景：
doctor醫生;dentist牙醫;physician內科醫生;
surgeon外科醫生;nurse護士;
hospital醫院;clinic 診所;
Health Center醫療中心;
emergency room/ department 急診室;
emergent treatment急救處理;
first aid 急救;treatment治療手段;
check up 檢查;physical examination體檢;
take one’s temperature / blood pressure
測量體溫/血壓;
show one’s tongue伸出舌頭;
write a prescription開處方;
give an injection打針;
visiting hours 探視時間
medicine藥;pills / tablets藥丸/藥片;
aspirin 阿司匹林; suffer from受…苦;
pain疼痛;headache頭痛;stomachache肚子痛;
backache背痛;sore-throat喉嚨痛;
cough咳嗽;fever發燒;cold / flu 感冒/流感
【have/catch a cold患感冒】;
heart attack 心臟病;dizzy眩暈的;
——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?
——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。
I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。
(注意聽語氣：身體好的時候，語調上揚，語氣非常歡快; 身體不好的時候，降調，語氣非常郁悶。)
(6)電話場景：
operator 接線員
【Extension six two two six, please.請轉6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 電話占線。】
long distance call 長途電話;
collect call 對方付費電話;put through 接通電話;
leave a message留口信;
dial the wrong number撥錯號碼;
call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;
give sb. a call/ ring給某人打電話;
——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好，我是…。
——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是誰?
Hold on /Hold the line, please. 請稍等,別掛斷。
I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一會兒再打。
I couldn’t get through.打不通;
Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.對不起，您撥錯號啦。
(7)酒店場景：
make a reservation 預定房間;
reception desk 接待處;
reception服務臺;receptionist 服務員;
accommodation住宿; registration登記;
check in 入住;check out 結帳;
Identity/ID card 身份證;fill out a form填表;
single room 單間;double room雙人間;
suite套間;room number房間號;
room key房間鑰匙;room service客房服務;
wake-up call叫醒電話
Do you have a reservation Sir?先生，您預訂了嗎?
Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房間嗎?
All the room are occupied. 房間已滿。
Can I have a suite please?有套間嗎?
How much do you charge for that? 如何收費?
Smoking or no smoking? 吸煙或不吸煙?
Meals included. 包括飲食。
Can I show you your room? 我可以帶你去你的房間?
Can I carry your luggage?我可以幫你提行李嗎?
(8)交通場景：
plane飛機;ship輪船;bus 公交車;
coach長途客車;train火車;
subway/underground 地鐵;
railway 鐵路;highway 公路;
sidewalk/pavement人行道;
one-way street 單行道;
rush hour交通高峰期; crowded擁擠的;
heavy traffic擁擠的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;
traffic rules交通規則; traffic lights交通燈;
driving license駕照; driver司機;
garage修車廠、車庫;
car accident/crash車禍;speed超速;r
un the red light闖紅燈; flat tire爆胎;
scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存
by plane/air乘飛機; by sea/land水路、陸路;
by subway/underground 乘地鐵;
transfer換乘、轉機
May I see your license, please?
我可以看看你的駕照，好嗎?
You will be fined by $20.
你將處以20元的罰款。
(9)機場場景：
airline航空公司;airway 航線;flight 航班;
book/serve預定; behind schedule 晚點;
cancel取消;customs海關; security check安檢;
passport護照;visa簽證;
departure lounge 候機室;
departure gate登機口;check in 辦理登機手續;
on board登機;boarding pass/card 登機牌;
luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;
take off 起飛;land降落; safe landing安全著陸
bound for…飛往…方向去的;
departure to 前往;destination目的地;
departure time起飛時間;
see sb. off為某人送行; pick up接機
【在飛機上】
a window seat靠窗的座位;
an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain機長;
pilot飛行員;airhostess/stewardess空姐;
fasten the safety/safe belt系緊安全帶;
airsick暈機; jet lag飛機時差反應;
(10)在火車站(At the railway station)：
booking/ticket office售票處;
conductor售票員; train 火車;
express train特快列車; carriage車廂;
dining car餐車;waiting room 候車室;
platform 站臺，月臺;
one way trip/ticket 單程/單程票;
round trip/ticket往返/往返票;
a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat軟座
(11)購物場景：
store 商店;grocery食品店;
department store 百貨商場;
shopping center/mall 購物中心;
shop assistant店員;counter 柜臺;
receipt 收據;deliver 送貨; refund 退款;
bargain便宜貨;out of stock 脫銷/缺貨;
in stock 有貨;selling season 銷售旺季;
on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;
a 30% discount打七折;
catalogue 產品目錄;
Commodity information商品信息;
brand 品牌; size尺碼;color顏色;
style樣式;price價格;
【What color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么樣的顏色/多大尺寸/哪種?】
second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;
in fashion 流行，時尚;
out of fashion 過時的;
商品論貴賤expensive, cheap;
價格論高低high, low;
pay in cash 用現金支付;
pay in check 用支票支付;
credit card 信用卡;
pay by installment 分期付款;
【在服裝店(In a clothing store/shop)】
trousers 褲子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;
shirt襯衫;jacket夾克;coat上衣;
a bigger size 稍大一點尺寸;
what size 多大尺寸;
this style這種式樣;
fit you合你身;try on試穿;match 相配
(12)天氣場景：
fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 陽光明媚的;
overcast 多云;cloudy 陰;humid 濕潤的;
wet 潮濕的; rainy有雨的; clear up 天空放晴;
freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎熱的;cool涼爽的;
warm暖和的;mild溫和的;windy有風的;
calm無風的;breeze微風; moderate 風力不大;
strong/ high winds 大風;tornado 龍卷風;
typhoon 臺風;fog霧;snow雪;
drizzle毛毛細雨;light rain小雨;
shower 陣雨;storm 暴風雨;
downpour傾盆大雨;
【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下著傾盆大雨】
thunder 打雷; blizzard大風雪;
snowstorm暴風雪;
【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天氣;weather in California 意指好天氣】
經常和天氣相聯系的情況：
vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)
(be delayed延誤/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。
put away clothes 下雨收衣服;
(13)銀行場景：
business hour 營業時間;deposit存款;
withdraw 取款;open an account 開戶;
savings account 儲蓄賬戶;
check account 支票賬戶;
interest rate 利率;cash a check兌現支票
(14)常見的身份與職業：
part-time job 兼職工作; full-time job 全職工作
psychologist心理學家;principal校長;
professor 教授;postman 郵遞員;
driver司機;policeman 警察;
firefighter 消防員;assistant 助手/助教;
receptionist接待員;typist 打字員;
cashier收納;waiter 服務員;
passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票員;
conductor 售票員，列車長;
salesman銷售員;nurse 護士;
housewife 家庭主婦;lawyer律師;
engineer 工程師;architect建筑師;
chef廚師;guide 導游;
reporter/journalist 記者;editor 編輯;
author作家;pianist鋼琴家;
musician音樂家;singer歌手;
photographer 攝影師;artist藝術家;
designer設計師;scientist科學家;
barber理發師;butcher屠夫;tailor裁縫
(15)人物關系relationship：
strangers陌生人;neighbors鄰居;
classmates同學;colleagues/co-workers同事;
friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;
guest and receptionist客人與接待員;
doctor and patient醫生與病人;
teacher and student師生;
boss and secretary老板和秘書;
policeman and driver警察與司機;
interviewer and interviewee面試官與面試者;
employer and employee 雇主與員工;
shop assistant/waiter and customer營業員與顧客;
parent and child 父母與子女
(14)工作：
job opportunity 工作機會;interview面試;
resume簡歷;educational background教育背景;
application letter 求職信;recommendation 推薦信;
certificate 助手;qualification資歷;
experience 經驗;position 職位;salary 薪水;
allowance津貼;promotion晉升;vacation休假;
break 短暫休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;
shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 請假;
sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;
clerk職員;secretary秘書;manager經理;
HR manager人事經理;general manager總經理;
client客戶
(15)興趣愛好：
hobby 興趣; entertainment 娛樂;
go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看電影;
comedy喜劇;tragedy悲劇;
action movie 動作片;cartoon 動畫片;
documentary 紀錄片;thriller 驚悚片;
horror film恐怖片;detective movie偵探片;
western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂劇
hiking 徒步旅行;camping野營;
diving潛水;surfing沖浪;skiing滑雪;
seashore 海岸;beach海灘;
sun-burnt 曬黑的;palace宮殿;castle城堡
(16)運動：
competition 競賽;sports field運動場;
club俱樂部;sportsman/athlete/player運動員;
coach教練;champion冠軍;
gold/silver/bronze medal金/銀/銅牌;
basketball籃球;football美式足球;
soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;
baseball棒球;tennis網球;
table tennis乒乓球;golf高爾夫;
jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;
wrestling摔跤;shooting射擊;
boxing拳擊;weightlifting舉重;
relay race接力賽;
break the world record 打破世界紀錄
(17)觀光旅游：
vacation/holiday 假日;
historical spots/relics 古跡;scenery 風景;
museum博物館;mountain山脈;river河流;
lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙灘;
island 島嶼;lawn 草地;temple寺廟;
zoo動物園;travel/trip/tour/voyage
旅行;travel agency 旅行社;
a guided tour 有導游的旅行;
go sightseeing觀光; hotel 賓館;
souvenir 紀念品;ticket 票
景點評論：
fascinating/breathtaking 激動人心的;
thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;
unforgettable難忘的;
terrific/ fantastic極好的;
(18)租房：
landlord 房東;landlady女房東;
rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;
furnished 有家具電器的;furniture 家具;
heat暖氣;gas煤氣;electricity 電;
lift 電梯;stairs 樓梯;balcony陽臺;
living room起居室;guest room客廳;
dinning room 餐廳;kitchen 廚房;
bathroom 浴室;toilet 衛生間;
basement 地下室
(19)日常生活：
housework 家務;channel頻道;
cook烹飪;dining table飯桌;fridge冰箱;
television電視;oven烤箱;cabinet 櫥柜;
dishwasher洗碗機;sheet床單;
blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗簾;
towel毛巾;shampoo洗發水;
soap肥皂;haircut理發;shaver剃須刀