雙語閱讀：消極情緒有助于提高工作效率
雙語閱讀：消極情緒有助于提高工作效率
摘要：新研究的驚人發現表明，實際上工作時的消極情緒能帶來積極效果，而積極的情緒卻可能導致消極結果。
Surprising new research suggests it can actually be good to feel bad at work, and that feeling good in the workplace can lead to negative outcomes.
The study of emotions in the workplace, edited by University of Liverpool researchers Drs. Dirk Lindebaum and Peter Jordan, is the topic of a Special Issue of the journal Human Relations.
They found that the commonly-held assumption that positivity in the workplace produces positive outcomes, while negative emotions lead to negative outcomes, may be in need for reconsideration. This is partly due to this assumption failing to take into account the differences in work contexts which effect outcomes.
消極情緒有助于提高工作效率
新研究的驚人發現表明，實際上工作時的消極情緒能帶來積極效果，而積極的情緒卻可能導致消極結果。
由英國利物浦大學研究人員德克·林登鮑姆(Dirk Lindebaum)博士和彼得·喬丹(Peter Jordan)博士編撰的關于工作中情緒的研究是《人類關系》雜志的一期特刊話題。
他們發現，人們普遍認為工作中的積極情緒會產生積極結果，而消極情緒會導致消極結果，這種觀點有待重新思考。其原因是這一觀點沒有充分考慮到工作環境中差異對結果產生的影響。
For instance, anger does not always lead to negative outcomes and can be used as a force for good through acting upon injustices. In some cases, anger can be considered a force for good if motivated by perceived violations of moral standards.
An employee, for example, could express anger constructively after a manager has treated a fellow worker unfairly.
In such cases, anger can be useful to prevent these acts of injustice from repeating themselves in the future.
例如，憤怒并不總是帶來消極結果，它還可以作為對待不公平現象的正義力量。在某些情況下，若因他人違反道德標準而激發的憤怒，會被認為是正義力量。
又如，經理以不公平的方式對待同事后，員工可以建設性地表達自己的憤怒。
在這種情況下，憤怒可以有效阻止此類不公平現象在未來重演。
Likewise, being too positive in the workplace, rather than resulting in greater well-being and greater productivity, can lead to complacency and superficiality.
One article within the issue also finds that, within team situations, negativity can have a good affect, leading to less consensus and therefore greater discussion amongst workers which enhances team effectiveness.
An interesting contradiction is identified in another study of the special issue. Here, people derive satisfaction from doing “good” in the context of helplines by providing support to people in times of emotional distress.
例如，憤怒并不總是帶來消極結果，它還可以作為對待不公平現象的正義力量。在某些情況下，若因他人違反道德標準而激發的憤怒，會被認為是正義力量。
又如，經理以不公平的方式對待同事后，員工可以建設性地表達自己的憤怒。
在這種情況下，憤怒可以有效阻止此類不公平現象在未來重演。
However, they are negatively affected by their line of work due to people shunning them in social situations (e.g., since they might catch the emotional taint they attribute to the profession of the helpline workers).
Lindebaum said, “The findings of the studies published in this Special Issue challenge the widely held assumption that in the workplace positive emotions generate or engender a positive outcome, and vice versa.
“This Special Issue adds to our knowledge and understanding of how the positive and negative dynamics affect the working environment and has practical application and relevance in the workplace.”
例如，憤怒并不總是帶來消極結果，它還可以作為對待不公平現象的正義力量。在某些情況下，若因他人違反道德標準而激發的憤怒，會被認為是正義力量。
又如，經理以不公平的方式對待同事后，員工可以建設性地表達自己的憤怒。
在這種情況下，憤怒可以有效阻止此類不公平現象在未來重演。 然而，由于人們在社交場合的回避，又使他們對這項工作產生消極情緒(例如，他們可能把捕捉情感缺陷歸因于接線員這個職業)。
林登鮑姆(Lindebaum)說：“發表在特刊的研究發現挑戰了人們的普遍觀念，即在工作中積極情緒會產生積極結果，反之亦然。”
“通過這期特刊，我們更多地了解和認識了積極和消極動態如何影響工作氛圍，同時對人們工作有著實際應用和關聯。”