雙語閱讀：熱情擁吻十秒交換細(xì)菌8000萬
雙語閱讀：熱情擁吻十秒交換細(xì)菌8000萬
摘要：科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)接吻有助于雙方分享細(xì)菌，增強(qiáng)免疫力，并能夠幫助雙方更好地抵御疾病。
There is nothing as romantic as two lovers sharing a kiss。
But scientists have come up with an evolutionary explanation which perhaps threatens to killthe passion。
戀人之間相互接吻是一件多么美妙浪漫的事情啊。
但是科學(xué)家們最近根據(jù)進(jìn)化理論做的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果可能會(huì)讓接吻聽起來沒有那么浪漫了。
Academics think that kissing helps partners share bacteria, shoring up their immune systemsand enabling them to better fight disease。
科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)接吻有助于雙方分享細(xì)菌，增強(qiáng)免疫力，并能夠幫助雙方更好地抵御疾病。
As many as 80 million bacteria are transferred during a ten-second kiss, according to Dutchbiologists。
荷蘭的生物學(xué)家稱，僅僅接吻10秒鐘就能傳播8000萬個(gè)細(xì)菌給對(duì)方。
熱情擁吻十秒 交換細(xì)菌8000萬
Humans carry trillions of bacteria in the body, which together make up a ‘microbiota’ – acomplex mix of bugs which play a crucial role in digesting food and warding off infections。
其實(shí)我們每個(gè)人體內(nèi)都攜帶有數(shù)以萬計(jì)的細(xì)菌，這些細(xì)菌組合在一起就形成了“菌群”，這些“菌群”在消化系統(tǒng)和免疫系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。
Remco Kort, from the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research - or TNO - saidhis team set out to discover the evolutionary reason for kissing。
荷蘭應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究組織的雷姆科·科爾特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)開始從進(jìn)化論方面探索接吻的原因。
After testing 21 couples, they think kissing helps form a shared microbiota, a similar mix ofbacteria living in the body。
在對(duì)21對(duì)情侶進(jìn)行測(cè)試以后，科爾特他們發(fā)現(xiàn)接吻有助于雙方在各自體內(nèi)形成一個(gè)共同的“菌群”。
He said: ‘Intimate kissing involving full tongue contact and saliva exchange appears to be acourtship behaviour unique to humans and is common in over 90 per cent of known cultures。
他說：“包括舌頭接觸和唾液交換的親密接吻似乎是人類獨(dú)有的一種求愛行為，接吻在目前所知的90%的文化中都很常見。”
‘Interestingly, the current explanations for the function of intimate kissing in humans includean important role for the microbiota present in the oral cavity, although to our knowledge, theexact effects of intimate kissing on the oral microbiota have never been studied。
“有趣的是，目前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類的親密接吻對(duì)口腔中的微生物有重要作用，而就我們目前所知，還沒有人研究過接吻對(duì)口腔微生物群的確切影響。”
‘We wanted to find out the extent to which partners share their oral microbiota, and it turnsout, the more a couple kiss, the more similar they are.’
“因此，我們想研究情侶間口腔微生物群的相似程度，事實(shí)證明，情侶間接吻越多，他們的菌群越相似。”
The researchers, whose findings are published in the journal Microbiome, found that coupleswho share nine intimate kisses a day had a very similar microbiota, meaning they would bebetter prepared to deal with similar infections and digest similar food。
發(fā)表在《微生物》雜志上的該項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果指出，每天熱吻9次的情侶間存在非常相似的微生物群，這意味著他們能更好地應(yīng)對(duì)相同感染、消化相同的食物等。
Scientists have long warned that modern obsession with hygiene and cleanliness has driven aboom in allergies and health problems。
科學(xué)家們一直警告稱，現(xiàn)代人的過度“潔癖”正是導(dǎo)致過敏等諸多健康問題的主要原因。
According to the ‘hygiene hypothesis’, increasing prevalence of allergies such as asthma arecaused because we are not exposed to enough germs in our daily life。
根據(jù)“衛(wèi)生假說”理論，現(xiàn)代人之所以哮喘等過敏疾病高發(fā)，都是因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谌粘Ｉ钪信c細(xì)菌接觸不夠。
Professor Graham Rook, an immunologist at University College London, has gone so far as tosay that picking food off the floor, buying a dog and regularly kissing your relatives are some ofthe best ways to ward off allergies。
倫敦大學(xué)的免疫學(xué)家格雷厄姆·魯克教授甚至表示，想要避免過敏，可以把掉到地上的食物撿起來照吃不誤、或者可以養(yǎng)狗、經(jīng)常跟伴侶接吻等。
Speaking at Cheltenham Science Festival earlier this year, he advised that when a baby spits outits dummy, a mother should lick it clean and put it back in the infant’s mouth。
在今年年初舉行的切爾滕納姆科學(xué)節(jié)上，魯克教授還建議，當(dāng)嬰兒吐出奶嘴后，母親應(yīng)該舔干凈并直接塞回嬰兒嘴里。
He said the problem is that the modern body is at a ‘constant state of alert’ because it is notused to living with germs。
他稱因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代人的身體不適應(yīng)和細(xì)菌共存，所以一直處于高度戒備狀態(tài)。
‘When the immune system is not needed it should get turned off completely,’ he said。
“當(dāng)人體不需要免疫系統(tǒng)的時(shí)候，它就應(yīng)該完全關(guān)閉。”
‘What happens these days is that often it is on a constant state of alert and it is not turnedoff completely。
“但現(xiàn)在，我們的身體經(jīng)常處于戒備狀態(tài)，免疫系統(tǒng)從沒休息過。”
‘It will do something completely pointless like attacking grass pollen wafting past in the breeze,or attacking the neighbour’s cat when it happens to walk past, then you are going to haveallergic problems.’
“因此，它就會(huì)做出一些毫無意義的防衛(wèi)，比如攻擊風(fēng)中的花粉，或者攻擊碰巧走過的鄰居家的貓，這樣就導(dǎo)致了過敏問題。”