形式主語it的用法it用作形式賓語(2)
It 用作形式賓語
當(dāng)不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或從句在某個(gè)句子中作賓語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時(shí)it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。
下列四種情況須用it 作形式賓語：
① 當(dāng)不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或從句在復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們中國人一起工作很愉快。)
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
(我覺得理解英語特別節(jié)目并不難。)
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
(他立志決不向別人借錢。)
I think it no need talking about it with them.
(我認(rèn)為沒必要跟他們談。)
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動(dòng)詞，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接賓語從句;
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.
(我不喜歡他那么懶惰。)
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
(我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。)
③ that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句不能直接作介詞的賓語時(shí);
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
(盡管放心，我們會(huì)隨時(shí)幫你的。)
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
(你負(fù)責(zé)保證她早到家，好嗎?)
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
(他堅(jiān)持說自己是無辜的。)
④ 由及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中，賓語從句若作該動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，須借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.
(我讓你自己判斷這事是否該做。)
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
(多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故。)
這樣的還有take it for granted that...(認(rèn)為...理所當(dāng)然); see to it that...(務(wù)必...)等
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