狀語從句的用法如何使用狀語從句(2)
五、原因狀語從句
1. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)等：
They can’t have gone out because the light’s on. 他們不可能出去了，因?yàn)闊暨€亮著。
Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去，我也去。
Now that we are alone, we can speak freely. 現(xiàn)在我們單獨(dú)在一起，可以隨便談了。
2. 除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外，when有時(shí)也可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，其意“既然”。如：
I can’t tell you when you won't listen. 既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。
3. 有關(guān)原因狀語從句還應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
(1) as 與 since, now that 一樣表示雙方都知道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)被強(qiáng)調(diào)。
(2) 當(dāng)表示直接的因果關(guān)系，回答 why 時(shí)，或有 only, just, all, partly, not, but 等副詞修飾時(shí)，或用在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中都只能用 because。
(3) for 有時(shí)也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，對(duì)前一分句加以解釋或推斷。
(4) 不要受漢語意思影響將表示“因?yàn)?rdquo;的連詞與表示“所以”的 so 連用。
六、地點(diǎn)狀語從句
引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有where (在…的地方), wherever(無論什么地方), everywhere(每個(gè)…地方), anywhere(任何…地方)。如：
I’m not living where I was. 我不在原處住了。
You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能隨便在哪兒宿營(yíng)。
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣情況。
2. 有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為地點(diǎn)狀語從句在平時(shí)見得不多，誤認(rèn)為考試不會(huì)涉及，但恰恰相反，地點(diǎn)狀語從句卻是英語考試經(jīng)常考查的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看以下考題：
(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where
(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
以上四題均選where，其意為“在…的地方”，用以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。
七、目的狀語從句
1. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如：
I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一條船去釣魚。
Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 帶著雨衣以防下雨。
He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)，是為了能通過考試。
2. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的 so that 有時(shí)可省so 或 that，即單獨(dú)用 so 或 that 來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。如：
Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔細(xì)檢查，以便任何錯(cuò)誤都可檢查出。
Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。
八、結(jié)果狀語從句
引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。如：
He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他氣得話都說不出來。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關(guān)窗子用力很大，結(jié)果玻璃震破了。
注：so…that和such…that中的that有時(shí)(尤其在口語中)可省略。
狀語從句的練習(xí)題
1.If _________ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. askedB.to askC. askingD. having asked
2.When_________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. askingB. askedC. having askedD.to ask
3. The refugee crisis(難民危機(jī)) in Europe, if ________ properly, can lead to serious social problems.
A. not handledB. not being handled
C. not to be handledD. not having been handled
4. This drug is less likely to cause side effects when ________ late in the day.
A. takingB. takenC.to takeD. takes
答案：
1.A 【解析】句意：如果有人讓你看行李，馬上通知警察。結(jié)合題干的結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)不難看出，此處考查"連詞+非謂語動(dòng)詞"作狀語的用法，由if可知，此處該結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語，ask與句子主語you(已經(jīng)省略)為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故只能用asked。其實(shí)，if asked…是if you are asked…的省略形式。
2.B 【解析】句意：當(dāng)被問及對(duì)其教學(xué)工作的看法時(shí)，菲利普說他覺得它很有趣并且非常值得做。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，When for his views about his teaching job是狀語從句的省略形式。從句的主語和主句主語一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞，故從句主語和be動(dòng)詞省略了，又因ask與Philip之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用ask的過去分詞形式。
3.A 【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：歐洲的難民危機(jī)，如果處理不當(dāng)?shù)脑挘锌赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題。if條件句補(bǔ)充完整為"if it is not handled properly"，根據(jù)主從句主語一致，從句中有be動(dòng)詞，可將從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞省略原則，該從句可省略it is，故A選項(xiàng)切題。
4.B 【解析】考查狀語從句的省略式。句意：這種藥晚些時(shí)候服用更不可能有副作用。這句話使用狀語從句的省略式，完整的句子是when it is taken late in the day，省略主語和be動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故選B。
看過“如何使用狀語從句”的人還看了：